Efficient transfer of embryonic stem cells into the cochlea via a non-invasive vestibular route.

CONCLUSION Cell transplantation into the utriculus provides an efficient and non-invasive route to introduce embryonic stem (ES) cells into the vestibular and cochlear portions of the inner ear. OBJECTIVE The transfer of stem cells into the inner ear for therapeutic purposes is an important approach to cure damage to the cochlea and vestibulum. A key issue is to provide an entry point for cell transplants into the inner ear that does not affect its physiologic functions. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of transferring ES cells into the inner ear via the utriculus. MATERIALS AND METHODS ES cells were injected via utriculostomy into the mouse inner ear. The distribution of the injected cells was determined using a beta-galactosidase marker gene expressed by the ES cells. RESULTS Injected ES cells were found within the perilymph of the scala tympani and vestibuli. Moreover, ES cells were detected close to the cochlear sensory epithelium and spiral limbus.